Proposal: A Video “Periodic Table” of Elementary Particles
January 6, 2009 at 8:40 am 3 comments
Yesterday, ZapperZ (Physics and Physicists) posted a note about a Period Table of Videos. Check it out – it is a lot of fun!
elementary particles in the standard model
So maybe the particle physics community could set up something like that for the elementary particles, including intermediate vector bosons and the Higgs boson. Maybe we could have well-known, interesting people record short explanations and stories about each of the particles, for example:
- bottom quark: Leon Lederman
- charm quark: 50% Burt Richter and 50% Sam Ting
- W boson: Carlo Rubbia
- Z boson: Steven Weinberg
- gluon: Sau Lan Wu
- top quark: a carefully chosen panel from D0 and CDF…
- Higgs boson: Peter Higgs, of course!
- others, who?
I’ll bet that most of these people would be happy to support an uncomplicated educational exercise like this one. 
Alternatively, the videos could feature distinguished young people at early stages of their careers, such as those who have recently won national or international awards. It would be interesting to view the videos twenty or thirty years hence… Or perhaps all of the videos could be recorded by women, in an effort to foster the participation of young women in the sciences.
We could also have a kind of “side bar” with discussions of crucial phenomena, such as neutrino oscillations, CP violations, spontaneous symmetry breaking, confinement, partonic structure of nucleons, jets and fragmentation, electric dipole moments of pointlike particles, muon anomalous magnetic moment, etc. Clearly there are plenty of topics even if we stay strictly within the Standard Model and eschew all extensions.
The public is very interested in what we do, and that interest will only increase in the coming years, with the turn-on of the LHC, the results of Higgs searches from the Tevatron, and the strengthening of ties between particle physics and astrophysics including cosmology. Imagine how well brief, entertaining, uncomplicated videos would serve their interest..
Entry filed under: Education. Tags: .
1.
dorigo | January 7, 2009 at 1:35 pm
of course Martin Perl for the tau lepton, or is he dead ? He should be 81 now.
Cheers,
T.
2.
Alexander | February 14, 2009 at 3:53 pm
The answer is no
The experimental evidence of the elementary particles is fraud
Einstein’s Relativity Theory derived from Kepler’s Light Visual Deceptions Equation: S = r Exp ỉ ω t; sin ω t= v/c; v=speed; c=light speed
By Joe Nahhas
Abstract: Relativity theory can be derived from Kepler’s light visual deception equation S = r Exp ỉ ω t; sin ω t = v/c; v = speed and c = light speed. And all the experimental data used to support “proofs” of relativity theory fits deceptions formulas better than all of published papers of Einstein and all other physicists and astrophysicists combined.
A- Special theory of relativity: Length contraction and Time dilations and Δ E = mc² and
B- General theory of relativity: Advance of perihelion light bending gravitational red shifts and Shapiro’s time delay
Object at r ——-Light sensing of moving objects ———– (seen as) S
r —— Cosine (wt) + i sine (wt) ——– S = r [cosine (wt) + i sine (wt)]
Particle ————————- Light —————————— Wave
Newton ——– Kepler’s Time dependent ——– Newton’s Time dependent
A-Special theory of relativity
1-Lenght contraction
Line of Sight: r cosine wt: light aberrations
A moving object with velocity v will have when visualized through light sensing a light aberration angle (wt); w = constant and t= time
Also, sine wt = v/c; cosine wt = √ [1-sine² (wt)] = √ [1-(v/c) ²]
Where v = velocity; c = light velocity
A visual object moving with velocity v will be seen as S
S = r [cosine (wt) + i sine (wt)] = r Exp [i wt]; Exp = Exponential
S = r [√ [1-(v/c) ²] + ỉ (v/c)] = S x + i S y
S x = Visual location along the line of sight = r [√ [1-(v/c) ²]
This Equation is special relativity Length Contraction formula and it is just the visual effects and caused by light aberrations of a moving object along the line of sight.
In a right angled velocity triangle A B C: Angle A = wt
Angle B = 90°; Angle C = 90° -wt
AB = hypotenuse = c; BC = opposite = v; CA= adjacent = c √ [1-(v/c) ²]
2- Time dilatations
Along the line of sight; S x = r cosine wt
Hypotenuse = S x = [c t x] = c t √ [1-(v/c) ²];
Where t = self time; t x = time by others
t x = t √ [1-(v/c) ²]; and
t = {1/√ [1-(v/c) ²]} t x
These are time dilatation equations given by Einstein’s special relativity theory.
3- Δ E= mc²
S = r Exp (ỉ ω t); sin ω t =v/c; v = c sin ω t; r = -(c/ω) cosine ω t;
And r. v = (-c²/ω) sin ω t cosine ω t
P = d S/d t = (v + ỉ ω r) Exp (ỉ ω t); v² = c² sin² ω t; ω² r² = c² cosine² ω t
P² = (v + ỉ ω r). (v + ỉ ω r) Exp [2(ỉ ω t)] = [v² -ω² r² +2ỉ ω (r. v)] Exp [2(ỉ ω t)]
P² = [c² sin² ω t - c² cosine² ω t - 2c²ỉ sin ω t cosine ω t] Exp [2(ỉ ω t)]
P² = – c² [cosine² ω t - sin² ω t + ỉ sin 2ω t] Exp [2(ỉ ω t)]
P² = -c² Exp [4(ỉ ω t)]
E = mP²/2 = – mc²/2 [cosine² 2ω t - sin² 2ω t + 2ỉ sin 2ω t cosine 2ω t]
E = (-mc²/2) {1-2sin² 2ω t + 2ỉ [1- 2sin² ω t] 2[sin ω t cosine ω t]}
E = (-mc²/2) {1- 2(v/c) ² + 4ỉ [1- 2(v/c) ²] (v/c) √ [1- (v/c) ²]}
If v = 0 then E (1) = (-mc²/2); and
If v = c then E (2) = (mc²/2) then
Δ E = E (2) – E (1) = (mc²/2) – (-mc²/2)
Δ E = mc²
B- General Theory of relativity
What is the visual effect for angular velocity along the line of sight? At Perihelion It is called the Advance of perihelion. Let us derive that
Areal velocity is constant: r² θ’ =h Kepler’s Law
h = 2π a b/T; b=a√ (1-ε²); a = mean distance value; ε = eccentricity
S = r Exp (ỉ wt); r² θ’= h = S² w’
h = S²w’= [r² Exp (2iwt)] w’=r²θ’; w’ = (θ’) exp [-2(ỉ wt)]
And w’= (h/r²) [cosine 2(wt) - ỉ sine 2(wt)] = (h/r²) [1- 2sine² (wt) - ỉ sin 2(wt)]
With w’ = w’ (x) + ỉ w’(y); w’(x) = (h/r²) [1- 2sine² (wt)]
Δ w’= w’(x) – (h/r²) = – 2(h/r²) sine² (wt) = – 2(h/r²) (v/c) ² v/c=sine wt
Angular velocity (h/ r²) (Perihelion/Periastron) = [2πa.a√ (1-ε²)]/Ta² (1-ε) ²= [2π√ (1-ε²)]/T (1-ε) ²
Δ w’ = [w'(x) – h/r²] = -4π {[√ (1-ε²)]/T (1-ε) ²} (v/c) ² radian per second
[180/π; degrees][100years=36526days; century] x [3600; seconds in degree]
Δ w” = (-720x36526x3600/T) {[√ (1-ε²]/(1-ε)²} (v/c)² seconds of arc per century
This equation gives the rate of advance of perihelion of Mercury with better results than all of Albert Einstein’s publications and better than all of published physics.
The circumference of an ellipse: 2πa (1 – ε²/4 + 3/16(ε²)²- –.) ≈ 2πa (1-ε²/4); R =a (1-ε²/4)
v=√ [G m M / (m + M) a (1-ε²/4)] ≈ √ [GM/a (1-ε²/4)]; m<<M; Solar system
1- Advance of Perihelion of mercury.
G=6.673×10^-11; M=2×10^30kg; m=.32×10^24kg
ε = 0.206; T=88days; c = 299792.458 km/sec; a = 58.2km/sec
Calculations yields:
v =48.14km/sec; [√ (1- ε²)] (1-ε) ² = 1.552
Δ w”= (-720x36526x3600/88) x (1.552) (48.14/299792)²=43.0”/century
2- DI Herculis Apsidal motion solution: derived from S= r exp [ỉ ω t]
(See other articles by Joe Nahhas)
W° (ob) = (-720×36526/T) x {[√ (1-ε²)]/ (1-ε) ²} [(v*/c) + (v°/c)] ² degrees/ century
Where v* = v (center of mass) = 106.38km/sec; v° (spin difference) = 0
T = orbital period; ε = eccentricity; c =light speed
Application 3: Gravitational red shift: Pound Rebka Experiment
S = r Exp [î ω t]
1/S = 1/r Exp [-ỉ ω t]
And λ (S) = λ (r) Exp [-ỉ ω t]; λ = wavelength
Then υ(s) = υ(r) Exp [ỉ ω t]; υ = frequency
And υ(S) = υ (r, t) = υ(r, 0) υ (0, t) = υ(r) υ (0, t)
With sin ω(r) t = v/c; cosine ω(r) t = √ [1-(v/c) ²]
Then υ (r, t) = υ(r, 0) {√ [1-(v/c) ²] + ỉ (v/c)} = Real {υ(r, t)} + Imaginary {υ(r, t)}
Real {υ (r, t)} = υ (r, 0) √ [1-(v/c) ²] ≈ υ (r, 0) [1 - 1/2(v/c) ²]
Δ υ (r, t) = real {υ (r, t)} – υ (0, t)
Δ υ (r, t) = -υ (r, 0)/2 [(v/c) ²]
Δ υ(r, t)/υ(r, 0) = -1/2(v/c)²[up]-{1/2(v/c)²[down]} = – (v/c) ²
v² = 2gh; g = 9.81km/s² gravitational acceleration; h = height
Δ υ/υ [Total] =-[2gh/c²]
4- Light bending: Lord Edenton experiment
S = r Exp [ỉ ω t]; From Kepler’s Equation: r² θ’ = h = 2A/T
h = S²(r, t) θ’(r, t) = r² (θ, t) θ’ (θ, t) = r² (θ, 0) Exp [2ỉ ω t] θ’ (θ, t) = 2A/t
And θ’ (θ, t) = θ’ (θ, 0) θ’(0, t) = [h/ r² (θ, 0)] Exp [-2ỉ ω(r) t]
Then θ ‘(θ, t) = [2A/t r² (θ, 0)] {1 – 2sin²ω(r) t – 2ỉ sin ω(r) t cosine ω(r) t}
Now [t θ'(θ, t)] = [2A/r² (θ' 0)] [1 - 2sin²ω(r) t] -2ỉ [2A/r² (θ, 0)] [sin ω(r) t cosine ω(r) t]
= Δ x + i Δ y
Δ θ = Δ x – [A/r² (θ, 0)] = – [A/r² (θ, 0)][4sin²ω(r)t]; sin ω(r)t = v/c
Δ θ = – [A/r² (θ, 0)](v/c) ²
(v/c) ² ≈ 1.75″; v² = GM/R; G = Gravitational constant; M = Sun mass; R = sun radius
Δ θ = [A/r² (θ, 0)] [1.75"]; A = area
The values depend on near by stars and the measured values fit this equation.
Russians in 1936; Δ θ = 2.74
[A/r² (θ, 0)] = π/2
Δ θ = π/2(1.75″) = 2.74″
Application 5: Shapiro time delay (Vikings 6, 7; 1977)
Mars ————————— Middle—- Sun ————- Earth
The center of mass is the sun. The sun produces a velocity field given by
v = √ [GM/a (1- ε²/4)]
From above t =2 arc length/c=2d Δ w/c = (8π r/c) (v/c) ²; Δ w=4π (v/c) ²; r = 2a=d
t = 16πGM/c³ (1-ε²/4); ε = [a (1) -a (2)]/ [a (1) + a (2)] = .2075
t = (8πd/c) (v/c) ²= 8π (377,536,987.5/299792.458) (26.6575872/299792.458)²=250μs
If d = 2a (1-ε²/4), then t = 247.597μs value theorized actual measured value is 250μs
All this is not due to space-time but due to light aberration caused by moving planets.
θ’(0,0) = h(0,0)/r²(0,0) = 2π/T
θ’ (0,t) = θ’(0,0)Exp(-2ỉwt)={2π/T} Exp (-2iwt)
θ’(0,t) = θ’(0,0) [cosine 2(wt) - ỉ sine 2(wt)] = θ’(0,0) [1- 2sine² (wt) - ỉ sin 2(wt)]
θ’(0,t) = θ’(0,t)(x) + θ’(0,t)(y); θ’(0,t)(x) = θ’(0,0)[ 1- 2sine² (wt)]
θ’(0,t)(x) – θ’(0,0) = – 2θ’(0,0)sine²(wt) = – 2θ’(0,0)(v/c)² v/c=sine wt; c=light speed
T [θ'(0, t) - θ'(0, 0)] = -4π (v/c) ²
Δ θ = -4π (v/c) ² Earth-Mars
Sun-Photon:
The circumference of an ellipse: 2πa (1 – ε²/4 + 3/16(ε²)²—) ≈ 2πa (1-ε²/4); R =a (1-ε²/4)
v=√ [Gm M/ (m + M) a (1-ε²/4)] ≈ √ [GM/a (1-ε²/4)]; m<<M; Solar system
ΔΓ = 2 arc length/c = 2[Δ θ] 2d/c = 2[- 4π (v/c) ²] 2d/c; ΔΓ = -8πd/c (v/c) ²;
ΔΓ = 8πd/c³ [GM/a (1-ε²/4)] =16πGM/c³ (1-ε²/4) = Γ0 (1 – ε²/4)
ε = [a (planet 1) - a (planet 2)]/ [a (planet 1) + a (planet 2)] =0.2075 Mars-Earth
Γ0 = 16 πGM/c³= 247.5974607μs=universal constant; ΔΓ = 250μs Mars-Earth.
Joe nahhas1958@yahoo.com All right reserved
3.
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